Conflicts across Africa are often exacerbated by the influx of foreign-supplied weapons, which can destabilize regions and hinder development. The sources of these arms are complex, involving both legal and illicit channels.

The proliferation of arms fuels insurgencies, terrorism, and civil unrest. It also empowers non-state actors to undermine peacekeeping efforts.

According to data from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), the top countries exporting weapons to Sub-Saharan Africa between 2019 and 2023 include:

(1) China – Supplied 19% of total arms to the region. Known for offering low-cost weapons and bundling deals with training and infrastructure support.
(2) Russia – Accounted for 17%. Historically a major supplier, though exports have declined due to its war in Ukraine and sanctions.
(3) France – Provided 11%, often to former colonies like Senegal and Mali.
(4) Türkiye – Emerging supplier with 6.3%, offering drones and armored vehicles.
(5 Belarus – Supplied 4.8%, often to countries like Uganda and Sudan.
(6) United States – Contributed 4.6%, mostly through military aid and sales to strategic partners.

The African Union’s “Silencing the Guns” initiative, which is one of the flagship projects of Agenda 2063, aims to end all wars and violent conflicts across Africa.

Silencing the guns isn’t just about peace—it’s about unlocking Africa’s potential. Conflict drains resources, displaces communities, and stalls development. A peaceful continent could redirect billions toward education, infrastructure, and innovation.

For the African Union’s “Silencing the Guns” initiative to be successful, Africa must synergize foreign and defense policies to present a united front against arms trafficking in all 54 African Nations.

Africa must collaborate with international partners to track and intercept shipments of illicit arms. Africa must utilize technology such as blockchain and AI to monitor arms transfers and detect anomalies. Africa must invest in education, employment, and infrastructure to reduce the appeal of armed groups. Finally, Africa must address the root causes like poverty, inequality, and climate stress, which will help fuel an end to conflict.

PEACE FOR AFRICA